Hordeolum and chalazion

Extract

• A hordeolum develops when a sebaceous gland in the lid margin (gland of Zeis, leading to external hordeolum or stye) or in the tarsus (meibomian gland, leading to internal hordeolum) becomes acutely infected.
  • The most common causative agent is Staphylococcus aureus.
• A chalazion develops when a meibomian gland becomes obstructed and chronically inflamed. Secretions from the obstructed gland are released into the surrounding tissue, and a lipogranuloma develops. With the chalazion, granulation tissue may form a red wattle-like change, a so-called pyogenic granuloma, on the conjuctival side.
• A large chalazion may apply pressure on the cornea and temporarily impair vision as it temporarily causes astigmatism EE.
• At an advanced age, sebaceous gland adenocarcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid may resemble a chalazion.

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Chalazion, H00.00, H00.1, Hordeolum, Meibomian Glands, Ophthalmology