Newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in a child

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• The signs and symptoms should be recognised early: thirst and frequent urination, enuresis in a previously toilet-trained child, tiredness, abdominal pain and vomiting (note: the difference with gastroenteritis is absence of diarrhoea!), disproportionate dehydration and weight loss. In an infant, the only sign may be respiratory distress resembling an asthma attack.
• Action should be taken immediately: test blood glucose (plasma glucose) with a glucose meter or test the urine for glucose with a reagent strip. Additionally, test for ketone bodies in the blood or urine.
• A standing request should be placed with the laboratory to inform the treating or on-call doctor immediately if a child's blood glucose concentration is increased or urine tests positive for glucose.

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Abdominal Pain, Blood Glucose, Child, Dehydration, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, E10*, Endocrinology, Fatigue, Fluid Therapy, Glycosuria, Hyperglycemia, Insulin, Paediatrics, Plasma glucose, Type 1 diabetes